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Sailing History

    Sail has been used by humans since we discovered the force of wind. First sail was made and used long years by Egyptians. It had a square shape and in the ancient world square sail was employed universally in the Mediterranean.This type of sail was used on the seagoing ships by Egyptians,Phoenicians,Greeks and also Romans.But square sail wasn’t proper for moving every direction.Because of square rigging in ancient times,ships used following or rear-quarter wind.Therefore,they had to wait in a port or at the sea for the right wind directions.

  Northern Europe only knew of the square rig until late in the Middle Ages.This was long after those on the Mediterranean had understood the advantages of using triangular sails on their ships.Triangular sail was known as the Lateen sail and it had been used in Arap Ships from Morocco to İndian.As the time goes on, triangular sails took place all over the world.

 

Peace at home,peace in the world.    M.K. Atatürk
Sailing Today

   Today for most people sailing is a hobby.Sailing is the most challenging sport in the world because of changing wind and sea conditions.Sailing has many regulations at sea.There are two very basic rules for avoiding a collision at sea.1)Power gives way to sail. 2)Port gives way to starboard.Pleasure sailing can be divided into two main areas.Racing and crusing.

How Do Sails Work?

   Wind is the only principle and necessary thing for a sail to work properly.We know wind occurs by low and high pressure areas.Thus means its flowing direction always changes.So we have to change our direction at sea by shifting wind.According to these introductions, our sails are normally built from a flexible material in order to allow sail to work with the wind on the other side. Sails are flexible wings that use the wind to generate a force to move a boat.

   

Upwind
Types Of Sailing

    Small boats and Dingies: This type of sailboats are less than 6 meters and has either a mainsail or a combination of a mainsail and a front sail..These boats are favorite of youth sailors and used also Olimpics.Sailing a small boat is both fun and challenging.Sometimes crew have to hike out over the water to prevent the boat from capsizing.

    Keelboats: Keelboats are single-hulled boats with a fix center fin.This typep of boats are heavy and many have inboard engines and spacious cabins for living.

    Multihulls: Multihull sailboats has two or three hulls.Multihulls float higher than keelboats,allowing them to go into shallower waters.Multihulls are much faster than keelboats but in high winds multihulls can be capsized.In that situation multihulls,unlike keelboats will not right themselves.

    Windsurfing: Great speeds can be obtained by windsurfing.It is extremely fun and challenging sport.Capsizing isn’t important,just

Deniz Giray
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get on the board again and continue to sail.

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A basic rule of sailing is that it is not possible to sail directly into the direction the wind is coming from. Generally a cruising boat can sail 45 degrees off the wind. However it is often necessary to move towards the wind direction, it is necessary to 'beat' upwind.

Beating is simply a series of 'tacks' where the boat sails as close to the wind on each tack as possible, and then switches sides and repeats the process.By this method, it is possible to travel directly into the wind. The heavier the wind the harder the beat, and since you are sailing into oncoming waves at an angle, boat movement can be heavy.

When wind meets the sail and is divided by the sail, some of it sticks to the convex (leeward) side and hitches a ride. On the leeward side of the sail the air speeds up and creates a low-pressure area behind the sail.This is explained by Bernoulli’s Theory. The increased air flow in the narrow channel is faster than the surrounding air, and the pressure decreases in this faster flowing area.Then a lift effect occurs and our boat is moved by using forces that are created on each side of the sail.